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Government policy affects the competitiveness of engineering companies; however, the literature describes a landscape in which technical professionals are largely absent from the policy-making process, resulting in sub-optimal pol...
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Government policy affects the competitiveness of engineering companies; however, the literature describes a landscape in which technical professionals are largely absent from the policy-making process, resulting in sub-optimal policy outcomes and compromised competitive stances. This article describes ongoing efforts to derive a framework for policy decision-making by engineering managers. The framework is based on the principles of heat and mass transfer. Specifically, models of heat transfer conduction, convection and radiation in the physical sciences, are used to describe policy transfer scenarios. An initial comparison of the model for conduction is made with the innovativeness model from public policy research, in the context of policy diffusion among U.S. states. We highlight limitations in the current model, the need for additional data, and the potential for improved specification in diffusion research.
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The government of the Netherlands actively promotes Dutch delta planning to other deltaic countries. This paper describes and analyzes the Dutch-Vietnamese interactions and relationships around the development of the Mekong Delta ...
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The government of the Netherlands actively promotes Dutch delta planning to other deltaic countries. This paper describes and analyzes the Dutch-Vietnamese interactions and relationships around the development of the Mekong Delta Plan as a case of policy transfer. The paper uses an approach that regards policy transfers as processes of translation. It draws attention to the work that goes into making Dutch delta expertise and knowledge useful elsewhere. The paper shows that the financial and political support for Dutch Delta Planning expertise in Vietnam needed to be actively and continuously wielded to keep the process going. We conclude that there is merit in understanding policy transfer as a process of translation between many actors, all of whom change, learn, and influence not just each other but also what is transferred. Such an understanding allows better acknowledgement of the deeply dialogic and relational character of policy transfer processes.
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Introducing the special issue on "Mobilizing policy." the paper contrasts orthodox approaches to policy transfer with an emerging body of work in the interdisciplinary field critical policy studies. The governing metaphors in this...
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Introducing the special issue on "Mobilizing policy." the paper contrasts orthodox approaches to policy transfer with an emerging body of work in the interdisciplinary field critical policy studies. The governing metaphors in this latter body of work are those of mobility and mutation (rather than transfer, transit, and transaction), policymaking dynamics being conceived in terms of reproduction across and between sites of innovation/emulation (rather than interjurisdictional replication). Distinctive contributions of the following collection of papers are highlighted in the context of an emergent "policy mobilities" approach.
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By and large academics and professional analysts disagree over the efficacy of US Congressional for a to facilitate policy transfer in terms of influencing foreign countries to privatize their local and national markets. This stud...
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By and large academics and professional analysts disagree over the efficacy of US Congressional for a to facilitate policy transfer in terms of influencing foreign countries to privatize their local and national markets. This study addresses the issue of policy transfer within the context of the Indian (direct broadcast satellite) DBS television regulatory framework. Specifically, a link is drawan between two particular US Congressional hearings of the early 1980s and a landmark Indian bill enacted in 1997.
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The mobility and contextualization of urban policies between localities have received significant attention in recent literature. A number of mechanisms have been identified, including "best practices," "policy tourism," multinati...
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The mobility and contextualization of urban policies between localities have received significant attention in recent literature. A number of mechanisms have been identified, including "best practices," "policy tourism," multinational firms, and conferences have been identified. This article identifies a new mechanism: the translation and publication of seminal theses into additional languages. Using citations analysis and interviews in Sao Paulo, this mechanism is confirmed as an additional mode of transference and identified as being responsible for the growth in interest in Jane Jacobs in sao Paulo. However, this article finds that despite the increase in accessibility to her ideals, her emphasis on contextuality was overlooked in that case. This, in turn, calls attention to larger issues of the use of so-called 'universally-good' examples of urbanism. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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This article reflects on the role of policy engagement in economic geography. Drawing on understandings of policies as institutional assemblages and research as performative, I argue that the research process can offer many opport...
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This article reflects on the role of policy engagement in economic geography. Drawing on understandings of policies as institutional assemblages and research as performative, I argue that the research process can offer many opportunities for policy engagement through spaces of exchange with research partners and informants. To do so, I draw on my own work studying the industrialization of the bamboo sector in Vietnam and offer a number of examples of engagements in the policy process.
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Policy transfer research has been something of a growth industry, reflected in the fact that Google Scholar identifies 17 articles on the subject with more than 100 citations. Of course, as an earlier issue of Policy Studies indic...
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Policy transfer research has been something of a growth industry, reflected in the fact that Google Scholar identifies 17 articles on the subject with more than 100 citations. Of course, as an earlier issue of Policy Studies indicated, the concept and its use have not gone unquestioned. However, the contributors to this volume, for the most part, argue that the study of policy transfer has matured significantly over the last two decades. In order to substantiate this point, we engage here with the article by McCann and Ward which begins this volume. It is an excellent and important example of such a critique, but, in our view, they are a trifle unfair about what they see as the 'mainstream', political science approach to the study of policy transfer. As such, we briefly outline McCann and Ward's critique, before considering the later articles in this collection which indicate how these critiques have been, and are being, addressed in the mainstream policy transfer literature. Subsequently, we briefly consider the ontological and epistemological positions which underpin the differences between the approaches of McCann and Ward and the mainstream literature.
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EU requires the candidate states to introduce the necessary legal arrangements and administrative reforms to harmonize with the EU’s regional policy, and the establishment of RDAs is an important element of those administrative r...
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EU requires the candidate states to introduce the necessary legal arrangements and administrative reforms to harmonize with the EU’s regional policy, and the establishment of RDAs is an important element of those administrative reforms. This is an example of “obligated policy transfer,” which is a subtype of policy transfer. In this context, this article aims to analyze the establishment of RDAs in Turkey as an example of obligated policy transfer. Within this perspective, this article primarily explicates the conceptual framework of policy transfer and obligated transfer as a subtype of policy transfer. Second, the place of RDAs within the EU regional policy and Turkey’s view of regional governments and development conception will be briefly dealt with. Finally, establishment of RDAs in Turkey will be analyzed, using official documents, as an example of obligated policy transfer and the role of EU will be demonstrated.
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This article sharpens consideration of aspects of policy transfer to address climate change and gives greater attention to the context that might support efficient adaptive resilience. Using the example of Australian reforms to wa...
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This article sharpens consideration of aspects of policy transfer to address climate change and gives greater attention to the context that might support efficient adaptive resilience. Using the example of Australian reforms to water policy, we evaluate how different elements of policy proved more (less) successful in facilitating efficient adaptation to climate variability and thus expose elements that might be more (less) attractive as candidates for policy transfer. Overall, we find that Australian policy reforms in the water sector provide useful guidance in some instances and not others. Establishing caps on extraction, flexible water markets and individual carry over rights generally facilitated flexible and efficient adaptation, and could be transferred. Related policy concepts, like formulating clear water planning rules and entitlements, are worth considering for implementation elsewhere, even if the groundwork on governance is a prerequisite. We also note the importance of shaping drought responses from government in such a way as not to distort the incentives for individual adaptation, and there is some evidence of this working in the Australian setting. Achieving transferability of these policies, however, may be a challenge. Australian policies around 'hard infrastructure' investments have generally proved less desirable and ideally should not be considered as a roadmap. These relate specifically to: (1) extravagant augmentation of urban supply; (2) using infrastructure to supposedly improve irrigation efficiency for environmental water provision; and (3) governments' infrastructure responses after flooding. None of these approaches is consistent with the aim of fostering adaptation to a more variable climatic future. Key policy insightsAustralian water policies that have focussed on capping water extractions, development of flexible markets and specifying rights to allow greater flexibility have generally worked well against a changing climate, and could be transferred. The development of clear planning rules and entitlements also proved important, although the conditions to favour transfer are difficult to engender. Policies dealing with hard physical infrastructure have proven problematic and their adoption elsewhere is discouraged, even if transfer is more amenable. Encouraging more individual adaptation to flooding is a particularly significant challenge, even in a country renowned for drought.
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I assess the contribution of policy learning to changes in renewable energy support policies in the European Union (EU), focusing on the evolution of the 'Feed-in Tariff' in Germany and the United Kingdom, considering both 'endoge...
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I assess the contribution of policy learning to changes in renewable energy support policies in the European Union (EU), focusing on the evolution of the 'Feed-in Tariff' in Germany and the United Kingdom, considering both 'endogenous' (responses to the effects of existing policy within the country) and 'exogenous' (responses based on external experience of the policy) learning in shaping the design and operation of the mechanism as policy shifted from an expansionary to a retrenchment phase. I evaluate the analytical value of a policy learning approach compared with other explanations for such policy changes, particularly those which draw upon more conventional political drivers such as political parties, interest groups and institutional conditions at the domestic and EU levels. While there are signs in both cases that policy learning has informed changes in the policy in certain respects, the principal drivers of, and constraints upon, change have been political.
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